๋ณธ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ
Computer Science/Network

3 Bit and Byte : ์ •๋ณด์˜ ์–‘์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์œ„ (Feat. ์•„์Šคํ‚ค์ฝ”๋“œ, ์œ ๋‹ˆ์ฝ”๋“œ)

by Dowon Kang 2023. 12. 7.

 

๋ชจ๋“  ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ˆซ์ž 0๊ณผ 1๋งŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 0๊ณผ 1์˜ ์ž‘๊ณ  ํฐ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ(Digital data)๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋Š” 0๊ณผ 1์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์กฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ง„, ์Œ์•…, ์˜์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

 

 

๋น„ํŠธ(bit)  : 0๊ณผ 1์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ตœ์†Œ ๋‹จ์œ„

๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ(byte) : ๋น„ํŠธ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฌถ์€ ๋‹จ์œ„ 

ASCII CODE

์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ๊ตญํ‘œ์ค€ํ˜‘ํšŒ ANSI์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“  ํ‘œ์ค€ ์ฝ”๋“œ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํƒ„์ƒํ•œ ์•„์Šคํ‚ค์ฝ”๋“œ(ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange)๋Š” ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ, ๊ธฐํ˜ธ, ์ˆซ์ž๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ž ์ฝ”๋“œ์ด๋‹ค.  

 

์•„์Šคํ‚ค ์ฝ”๋“œ๋Š” ์ด 128๊ฐœ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ 1๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ์—์„œ 7๋น„ํŠธ๋งŒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 1๋น„ํŠธ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ์šฉ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ์— ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ํ•œ๊ธ€์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด ๋ฌธ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊นจ์ง€๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์œ ๋‹ˆ์ฝ”๋“œ(Unicode)๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

 

 

Unicode

์œ ๋‹ˆ์ฝ”๋“œ๋ž€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ž์™€ ์ˆซ์ž ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠน์ˆ˜๋ฌธ์ž์™€ ์ด๋ชจํ‹ฐ์ฝ˜๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ 2๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ๋‹ค. 

 

 

 


 

Digital data : Digital data is the electronic representation of information in a format or language that machines can read and understand. In more technical terms, digital data is a binary format of information that's converted into a machine-readable digital format.

 

bit : A bit (binary digit) is the smallest unit of data that a computer can process and store.

 

Byte : A unit of data that is eight binary digits long

 

ASCII : ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is the most common character encoding format for text data in computers and on the internet. 

 

Unicode : An international character encoding standard that provides a unique number for every character across languages and scripts, making almost all characters accessible across platforms, programs, and devices.

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