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Computer Science/Linux (Ubuntu)

1 Ubuntu (์šฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌ)

by Dowon Kang 2023. 12. 10.

 

๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค๋Š” 1991๋…„ ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ„์Šค ํ† ๋ฅด๋ฐœ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค ๋ฒ„์ „ 0.01์„ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , 1992๋…„์— 0.02 ๋ฒ„์ „์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค ์ปค๋„(Kernel)์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜คํ”ˆ์†Œ์Šค๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฐํฌํŒ์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณดํ†ต ์šด์˜์ฒด์ œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด Kernel - Shell - System Program์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณดํ†ต ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค ์ปค๋„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ OS ๋ฐฐํฌํŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค ๊ณ„์—ด์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Shell๊ณผ System Program์€ ์˜คํ”ˆ ์†Œ์Šค์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์–ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฐํฌํŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ . 

์ด ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์šฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์นœํ™”์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค๊ฐ€ ์˜คํ”ˆ์†Œ์Šค๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜๋˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ฆฌ์ฐจ๋“œ ์Šคํ†จ๋งŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” 1984๋…„์— '๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด'๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ž๋Š” ์ทจ์ง€๋กœ GNU ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด์˜ ์ˆ˜์ •๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ์˜ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด ์œ ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ํŒ๋งคํ•  ์ž๊ฒฉ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•œ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ„์Šค ํ† ๋ฅด๋ฐœ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 


์šฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฐ๋น„์•ˆ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ๋น„์•ˆ์€ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ๊ณผ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘” ๋ฆฌ๋ˆ…์Šค ๋ฐฐํฌํŒ์œผ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ๋น„์•ˆ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌ๋Š” ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์นœํ™”์„ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํŒจํ‚ค์ง€ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 

 

๋”๋ถˆ์–ด, ์šฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ์™€ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์˜ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•œ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ˜„๋Œ€์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํŠน์ง•๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

 

 


Linux : An open-source operating system kernel initially developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991.

Linus Torvalds : The creator of the Linux kernel and played a pivotal role in the development of open-source software.

Ubuntu : A popular Linux distribution known for its user-friendly interface, based on the Debian project.

Richard Stallman : He initiated the GNU Project in 1984, advocating for free and open source software to be shared and modified freely.

The GNU General Public License (GPL) : A widely used open-source license, allowing users to freely use, modify, and distribute software while maintaining its open nature.

 

 

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